Knowing when to stop volume resuscitation in the unstable shock patient is a question that plagues both the emergency physician and the critical care doctor. VExUS was designed to succeed where CVP ha

Ultrasound is a powerful tool in the emergency department for the estimation of left ventricular ejection fractions. E-Point Septal Separation is a good way to obtain these measurements, but what if t

The need for a central line is commonplace in the emergency department and critical care units. When deciding which of the three typical sites (internal jugular, femoral, and subclavian) to choose for

Obtaining arterial access is a common procedure in both emergency medicine and in critical care. It's a good idea to become familiar with the axillary artery as an alternative location for placement o

Undifferentiated patients showing signs of shock have a high mortality rate. The Rapid Ultrasound for Shock and Hypotension (RUSH) Exam is a protocolized ultrasound exam that can be done in minutes to

Cardiac tamponade is a critical emergency department diagnosis, but it can be a difficult diagnosis to make based on physical exam alone. Clinical signs of tamponade are often late findings and can be

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) can provide a point of care ultrasound assessment of right ventricular function. Although there are many emerging applications for this measurement,

This EMRA Critical Care Committee Deep Dive will review the current available literature on targeted temperature management for cardiac arrest.

Velocity time integral (VTI), also called stroke distance, is an ultrasound measurement that can help the emergency medicine provider guide both differentials and treatment. Here we will focus on its

Emergency physicians have been shown to be accurate at visual estimation of the left ventricular ejection fraction without quantitative measurements. However, there is still value in a quick and easy